Abstract
We propose an eight-spatial-mode ring-core few-mode fiber (RC-FMF), utilizing the cross-arranged different-material-filling side holes (CA DMFSH) for effective index difference improvement. Two ${{\rm GeO}_2}$-doped-silica side holes and two air-filling side holes are arranged orthogonally around the ring core, which have directionally different effects on the refractive index and the mode field distribution in the RC-FMF. The results indicate that the effective index difference ($\Delta{n_{\rm eff}}$) between adjacent spatial modes is larger than ${1.96} \times {{10}^{- 4}}$, and the $\Delta{n_{\rm eff}}$ between adjacent non-degenerated modes can be above ${1.01} \times {{10}^{- 3}}$ at the same time. Bend-resistant performance and low nonlinearity are achieved in the designed RC-FMF. Broadband performances ranging from 1510 to 1630 nm are also analyzed. The CA-DMFSH-assisted structure shows great potential for enlarging the effective index difference, and the proposed fiber targets applications in the short-reach space-division multiplexing optical networking while eliminating the complex multi-input/multi-output digital signal processing.
© 2020 Optical Society of America
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