Chuanliang Zhang, Xuejin Sun, Riwei Zhang, and Yanwen Liu, "Simulation and assessment of solar background noise for spaceborne lidar," Appl. Opt. 57, 9471-9479 (2018)
The properties for six typical land cover types and three sky conditions were derived in this paper, which allows to make seasonal upper estimations of solar background radiation for a given atmospheric scenario. Solar background noise can be derived from the estimations for a spaceborne lidar based on optical parameters. Comparisons among simulated solar background noise and measurements of Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) demonstrate the feasibility of this method. The upper estimates of solar background radiation can be used for lidar engineers to assess the upper estimates of solar background noise for given atmospheric scenarios, which would be a step forward in comparison with using the worst-case scenario everywhere.
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Correlation among Land Cover Type and Aerosol Type, Atmospheric Constituentsa
Land Cover Type
Aerosol Type
Atmospheric Climatology
Spr./Aut.
Sum.
Win.
Oceans
Antarctic
US76
Sub. Sum.
Sub. Sum.
Deciduous forests
Continental clean
US76
Mid. Sum.
Mid. Win.
Evergreen forests
Continental clean
Tro.
Tro.
Tro.
Deserts
Deserts
US76
Mid. Sum.
Mid. Win.
Grasslands
Continental clean
US76
Mid. Sum.
Mid. Win.
Snow and ice
Antarctic
US76
Sub. Sum.
Sub. Win.
Here, US76 denotes US standard atmosphere 1976; Sub. denotes subaractic; Mid. denotes midlatitude; Tro. denotes tropical; and Spr., Sum., Aut., and Win. denote the four seasons.
Table 2.
Mean and Uncertainty of AOD and Albedo of Six Land Cover Types on Each Season
The optical system is derived from the division of the MODIS radiance in photon number counts to the CALIOP RMS product. Due to the relative wide waveband of MODIS sensor and narrow waveband of CALIOP, the difference between the value and the truth exists.
Tables (7)
Table 1.
Correlation among Land Cover Type and Aerosol Type, Atmospheric Constituentsa
Land Cover Type
Aerosol Type
Atmospheric Climatology
Spr./Aut.
Sum.
Win.
Oceans
Antarctic
US76
Sub. Sum.
Sub. Sum.
Deciduous forests
Continental clean
US76
Mid. Sum.
Mid. Win.
Evergreen forests
Continental clean
Tro.
Tro.
Tro.
Deserts
Deserts
US76
Mid. Sum.
Mid. Win.
Grasslands
Continental clean
US76
Mid. Sum.
Mid. Win.
Snow and ice
Antarctic
US76
Sub. Sum.
Sub. Win.
Here, US76 denotes US standard atmosphere 1976; Sub. denotes subaractic; Mid. denotes midlatitude; Tro. denotes tropical; and Spr., Sum., Aut., and Win. denote the four seasons.
Table 2.
Mean and Uncertainty of AOD and Albedo of Six Land Cover Types on Each Season
The optical system is derived from the division of the MODIS radiance in photon number counts to the CALIOP RMS product. Due to the relative wide waveband of MODIS sensor and narrow waveband of CALIOP, the difference between the value and the truth exists.