Integrated gray-level gradient method applied for the extraction of three-dimensional velocity fields of sprays in in-line digital holography

Yan Yang; Guangyong Li; Lili Tang; Liang Huang

doi:10.1364/AO.51.000255

Applied Optics
Vol. 51,
Issue 2,
pp. 255-267
(2012)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.51.000255

Integrated gray-level gradient method applied for the extraction of three-dimensional velocity fields of sprays in in-line digital holography

Yan Yang, Guangyong Li, Lili Tang, and Liang Huang

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Yan Yang, Guangyong Li, Lili Tang, and Liang Huang, "Integrated gray-level gradient method applied for the extraction of three-dimensional velocity fields of sprays in in-line digital holography," Appl. Opt. 51, 255-267 (2012)

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Abstract

In this study, an integrated gray-level gradient method is applied to extract the three-dimensional (3D) velocity fields of sprays. This method consists of a conventional edge-sharpness method and a new method, namely, the overall-sharpness method, which is an efficient supplement of the former. And then the synchronization system is designed and assembled to record double-exposure spray holograms in a short time interval. Finally, using the integrated gray-level gradient method and some image processing techniques, the 3D coordinates of droplets are easily obtained, which can be used to evaluate the 3D velocity fields and the size features of spray droplets in different spray injection pressures. It proves that the integrated gray-level gradient method is well applied to measure the characteristics of sprays in in-line digital holography.

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Object distance $d$ (mm)	195				100	150	250	350
Particle size $D$ (μm)	51.8	96.2	199.8	347.8	125.8
Error (mm)	0.089	0.059	0.045	0.063	0.064	0.073	0.079	0.112

Object distance $d$ (mm)	195				100	150	250	350
Particle size $D$ (μm)	51.8	96.2	199.8	347.8	125.8
Error (mm)	0.029	0.066	0.074	0.081	0.074	0.087	0.114	0.103

	Object Distance, $d$ (mm)
Size $D$ (μm)	50	75	100	125	150	175	200	225	250	275	300	350	400
7.4	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$
37	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$
51.8			$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$
59.2					$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$
66.6						$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$
81.4							$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$
96.2									$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$
125.8											$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$	$\sqrt$
↓
347.8

Particle size $D$ (μm)	39	70	95	140	190	260	300
Error (mm)	0.031	0.011	0.029	0.029	0.049	0.009	0.071

Object Distance $d$ (mm)	Method	Mean of Focal Planes (mm)	Mean of Errors (mm)		Standard Deviation of Errors (mm)
197.131	Es method	197.100		0.068	0.032
	Os method	197.157		0. 059	0.042
	Integrated gray-level gradient method	197.131		0.032	0.020

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Applied Optics