Abstract

By conventional melting and quenching methods, $3{\mathrm{Yb}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_3\text{-}0.2{\mathrm{Tm}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_3\text{-}{x\mathrm{Ho}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_3$ (wt%, $x=0.2\sim 1.2$) was doped into an easily fiberized tellurite glass with composition of $78{\mathrm{TeO}}_2\text{-}10\mathrm{ZnO}\text{-}12{\mathrm{Na}}_2\mathrm{O}$ (mol%) to form YTH-TZN78 glasses. Under 976 nm excitation, the direct sensitizing effect of Yb ions ($\mathrm{Yb}\to \mathrm{Ho}$) and indirect sensitizing and self-depopulating effects of Tm ions ($\mathrm{Yb}\to \mathrm{Tm}\to \mathrm{Ho}$) were found to present intense red upconversion emission at 657 nm (Red, $\mathrm{Ho}\text{:}\hspace{0.17em}{{}^5\mathrm{F}}_5\to {{}^5\mathrm{I}}_8$) and were responsible for the absence of the usually observed 484 nm emission (Blue, $\mathrm{Tm}\text{:}{{}^1\mathrm{G}}_4\to {{}^3\mathrm{H}}_6$). Regardless of the dopant concentration of Ho ions, the intensity of the red emission at 657 nm (Red, $\mathrm{Ho}\text{:}\hspace{0.17em}{}^5{\mathrm{F}}_5\to {}^5{\mathrm{I}}_8$) is about three times stronger than that of the green one at 543 nm (Green, $\mathrm{Ho}\text{:}\hspace{0.17em}{{}^5\mathrm{S}}_2\to {}^5{\mathrm{I}}_8$). For this certain red emission at 657 nm, 0.4 wt% ${\mathrm{Ho}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_3$-doped YTH-TZN78 glass was found to present the highest emission intensity and is therefore determined as a promising active tellurite glass for red fiber laser development.

©2012 Optical Society of America

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