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Design and analysis of 2 × 2 half-wave waveguide couplers

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Abstract

Conventional couplers including the 2×2 directional coupler and the self-imaging multimode interference coupler always produce a 90° coupling phase to yield complementary power transfer functions when the relative phase of the two input fields changes. For applications in coupled-cavity lasers, a 2×2 half-wave optical coupler with a 180° coupling phase is required in order to produce synchronous output power for achieving high single-mode selectivity. We present the designs and optimization of 2×2 half-wave couplers, including a three-waveguide directional coupler and a nonimaging multimode interference coupler.

© 2009 Optical Society of America

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