Abstract

We report on the design and performance of a ZnSe tetra-prism for homogeneous substrate heating using a continuous wave ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ laser beam in pulsed laser deposition experiments. We discuss here three potential designs for homogenizing prisms and use ray-tracing modeling to compare their operation to an alternative square-tapered beam-pipe design. A square-pyramidal tetra-prism design was found to be optimal and was subjected to modeling and experimental testing to determine the influence of interference and diffraction effects on the homogeneity of the resultant intensity profile produced at the substrate surface. A heat diffusion model has been used to compare the temperature distributions produced when using various different source intensity profiles. The modeling work has revealed the importance of substrate thickness as a thermal diffuser in producing a resultant homogeneous substrate temperature distribution.

© 2008 Optical Society of America

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